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Excavations at Upper Largie quarry, Argyll & Bute, Scotland: new light on the prehistoric ritual landscape of the Kilmartin Glen

机译:苏格兰argyll&Bute上Largie采石场的挖掘:Kilmartin Glen史前仪式景观的新亮点

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摘要

Excavations were carried out intermittently between 1982 and 2005, by various excavators, in advance of quarrying activity at Upper Largie, Kilmartin Glen, Argyll & Bute. They revealed abundant evidence of prehistoric activity, dating from the Mesolithic to the Middle Bronze Age, on a fluvioglacial terrace overlooking the rest of the Glen, although some evidence was doubtless destroyed without record during a period of unmonitored quarrying. Several undated features were also discovered. Mesolithic activity is represented by four pits, probably representing a temporary camp; this is the first evidence for Mesolithic activity in the Glen. Activity of definite and presumed Neolithic date includes the construction, and partial burning, of a post-defined cursus. Copper Age activity is marked by an early Beaker grave which matches counterparts in the Netherlands in both design and contents, and raises the question of the origin of its occupant. The terrace was used again as a place of burial during the Early Bronze Age, between the 22nd and the 18th century, and the graves include one, adjacent to the early Beaker grave, containing a unique footed Food Vessel combining Irish and Yorkshire Food Vessel features. At some point/s during the first half of the 2nd millennium bc – the oakbased dates may suffer from ‘old wood’ effect – three monuments were constructed on the terrace: a pit, surrounded by pits or posts, similar in design to the early Beaker grave; a timber circle; and a post row. The latest datable activity consists of a grave, containing cremated bone in a Bucket Urn, the bone being dated to 1410–1210 cal bc; this may well be contemporary with an assemblage of pottery from a colluvium spread. The relationship between this activity and contemporary activities elsewhere in the Glen is discussed.
机译:在1982年至2005年之间,在上拉吉(Lager Largie),基尔马丁·格伦(Kilmartin Glen),阿盖尔&柏特(Argy&Bute)的采石活动之前,各种挖掘机间歇地进行了挖掘。他们揭示了从中石器时代到中古铜器时代的史前活动的大量证据,可以俯瞰整个格伦的其余地区,而在冰川河阶地上,尽管在未经监控的采石期间,无疑有一些证据被破坏而没有记录。还发现了一些未注明日期的特征。中石器时代的活动以四个坑为代表,可能代表一个临时营地。这是格伦地区中石器活动的第一个证据。确定的和假定的新石器时代的日期的活动包括后定义的诅咒的构造和部分燃烧。铜器时代的活动以一个早期的烧杯坟墓为标志,该坟墓在设计和内容上都与荷兰同行相称,并提出了居住者出身的问题。在22到18世纪之间的青铜时代初期,露台被再次用作埋葬地点,并且坟墓包括一个与早期的Beaker坟墓相邻的坟墓,其中包含一个独特的有脚食槽,结合了爱尔兰和约克郡的食槽特征。在公元前2世纪上半叶的某个时间点-橡木色的日期可能会受到“旧木”的影响-露台上建造了三个纪念碑:一个坑,周围有坑或柱子,设计类似于早期烧杯坟墓;木材圈;和后排。最新的数据活动包括一个坟墓,在一个骨灰盒中装有火化的骨头,该骨头的年代可追溯至公元前1410年至1210年。这很可能是当代的,有大量由崩塌的陶器组成的陶器。讨论了该活动与格伦其他地方的当代活动之间的关系。

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